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Home / Medication guides / Testosterone

TRANS-MASCULINE HRT · MEDICATION GUIDE

Testosterone therapy, a clear guide.

Testosterone is the primary masculinising hormone we prescribe. It's available as a daily gel, a long-acting injection, or a deep-muscle implant. Your clinician will help you choose the form that fits your body, your routine, and your embodiment goals.

Testosterone therapy, clinical reference image
Drug class
Androgen / anabolic steroid
Used for
Masculinising HRT
Routes
Topical, IM, SC, implant
Frequency
Daily → 12-weekly
Prescription
Specialist initiation
WPATH SOC 8
Aligned

OVERVIEW

What testosterone does, in plain English.

Testosterone is the hormone responsible for most of the physical traits we associate with male puberty: a deeper voice, body and facial hair, increased muscle mass, and a different fat distribution. When you take it as part of gender-affirming care, your body undergoes a second puberty. Most changes start within the first three months and continue for several years.

Some changes are permanent (voice, facial hair, bottom growth). Others reverse if you stop: muscle mass, skin texture, fat distribution, libido. Knowing which is which helps you make the choice that's right for you, and we'll talk through it together at your initial consultation.

Affirming, not gatekeeping.
We follow our normal informed-consent pathway. You don't need to prove anything to access testosterone. What you need is a clinician who listens, and a plan that's safe and right for you.

HOW IT WORKS

The way it actually works.

Testosterone binds to androgen receptors throughout your body: in skin, hair follicles, muscle, fat, vocal cords, and the brain. Over time, those tissues respond by changing the way they grow and behave. Our job is to get and keep your serum testosterone in a typical adult-male range (roughly 10-30 nmol/L), then adjust based on how you feel and how your body responds.

Suppresses oestrogen
Testosterone shifts the hormonal balance, so your body produces and responds to less oestrogen over time.
Stops menstruation
For most patients, periods stop within 3-6 months. If they don't, we adjust the regimen.
Triggers second puberty
Voice, hair, fat redistribution and muscle development all flow from sustained therapeutic levels.
Steady levels matter
Big peaks and troughs cause mood swings and acne; smooth, steady levels are the goal.

FORMS & DOSING

Multiple ways to take it. Your choice, our guidance.

There's no single right answer. What matters is what fits your life. Most patients start on the simplest option and switch later if it suits.

Topical · Daily
Testosterone gel
Testavan · Testogel · Tostran

A clear gel applied once daily to clean, dry skin on the inner thighs or lower abdomen, not the upper arms or shoulders, even though the product leaflet says upper body. Applying to the wrong site can give a misleadingly high level. Testavan is our usual default; new starters begin on one pump a day (one bottle to start with) and titrate up once it is tolerated.

Typical dose: 40-80 mg per day, titrated to bloods. New starters begin low (one pump daily) and build up.
Pros
Steady daily levels, no peaks or troughs
Easy to stop or pause if needed
No needles
Watch-outs
Transfer risk: wait an hour and cover skin before close contact
Daily routine required
Testavan can cause skin reactions more often than older gels
IM injection · 2-3 weekly
Sustanon (intramuscular)
Sustanon 250

A blend of four testosterone esters in oil, given as a deep intramuscular injection, usually self-administered into the thigh or glute.

Typical dose: 250 mg every 2-3 weeks (typical).
Pros
Well-established, widely available
Lower cost than long-acting depot
Self-injection after training
Watch-outs
Levels peak then trough between doses
Some patients feel “off” in week 3
Needles: needs comfort with the technique
IM injection · Every 10-14 weeks
Nebido (testosterone undecanoate)
Nebido

A long-acting depot injection, typically administered by a clinician. Releases testosterone slowly, giving very stable levels over months.

Typical dose: 1000 mg every 10-14 weeks after loading.
Pros
Smoothest, most stable levels
Only 4-6 doses per year
No daily routine to keep up
Watch-outs
Higher unit cost
Usually clinic-administered
Slow to adjust if levels drift
SC injection · Weekly
Subcutaneous testosterone
Various ester preparations

An off-label but well-tolerated route used by many patients: small weekly doses injected just under the skin with a fine needle.

Typical dose: 50-100 mg weekly, titrated.
Pros
Stable weekly levels
Less painful than IM
Smaller needle, easier to self-inject
Watch-outs
Off-label in the UK
Weekly schedule
Some skin reactions at injection site

EFFECTS TIMELINE

Changes over time.

Timelines vary between individuals. This is a typical picture of what most patients experience.

Phase
1-3 Months
Skin & oiliness
Increased sebum production; skin becomes oilier, which may lead to some acne (typically temporary).
Libido
A notable increase in libido is often one of the earliest and most pronounced changes.
Bottom growth
Clitoral enlargement begins and continues gradually over 1-2 years.
Energy & mood
Many patients report increased energy and a greater sense of emotional stability and wellbeing.

SIDE EFFECTS & RISKS

What to watch for, and what to tell us.

Most patients tolerate testosterone well. The effects below aren't guarantees. They're things to watch for, and most are manageable with dose adjustment or simple care. Severe reactions are rare. Always tell your clinician if something doesn't feel right.

Common
Acne +
Especially on the back, shoulders, and face during the first year. Usually settles. Skincare and, if needed, a GP referral for topical treatment helps.
Vaginal dryness +
Atrophy of vaginal tissue is common. Topical oestrogen can be safely co-prescribed if it bothers you.
Mood swings +
Most often linked to peaks and troughs in injection regimens. Switching to gel, weekly subcutaneous, or Nebido often resolves it.
Increased appetite +
Many patients feel hungrier, particularly in the first 6 months.
Weight redistribution +
Body shape changes. This is the intended effect, but it may catch you off guard.
Less common / serious
Erythrocytosis +
A modest rise in haematocrit (thicker blood) is expected on testosterone and is usually nothing to worry about. We check it every 6 months and only act, by reducing the dose, advising hydration, and sometimes blood donation, if it climbs above the safe threshold (around 0.52). It rarely means stopping testosterone.
Skin reactions (gel) +
Testavan, our default gel, causes rashes or irritation at the application site more often than older gels like Testogel. If your skin flares, tell us. Rotating the site, or switching to Testogel (which costs roughly double), usually settles it.
Sleep apnoea +
Testosterone can worsen pre-existing sleep apnoea. Tell us if you snore heavily or wake unrested.
Cardiovascular risk +
Long-term effects on heart and lipids are still being studied. We monitor cholesterol and blood pressure as part of routine care.
Liver enzymes +
Mild rises are sometimes seen. We check LFTs at baseline and during monitoring.
Hair-line recession +
If you have a family history of male-pattern baldness, you may experience scalp-hair thinning. Finasteride is an option for some.
Monitoring schedule
We catch things early. Here's the routine you can expect.

Most of the testing is front-loaded while we fine-tune your dose. Once your levels are stable, it's usually just once a year.

Baseline
Full hormone panel
FBC, U&E, LFTs
HbA1c, lipids
Blood pressure
3–6 months
Testosterone trough/peak
FBC (haematocrit)
LFTs
6-monthly while adjusting
Testosterone level
FBC, LFTs
Lipids
Yearly once stable
Full panel
BP, weight
Symptom review

COST

What testosterone costs you, monthly.

Your monthly plan with us covers the clinical side: appointments, calls, prescriptions, letters. Medication is paid separately at the pharmacy, and the price varies by form. Once your GP enters NHS shared care, the medication cost typically drops to the standard NHS prescription charge.

Testavan (private)
~£105 per 3 months
Usual default gel
Testogel (private)
~£180 per 3 months
Private prescription
Sustanon (private)
£6-£8 per dose
1 dose every ~3 wks
Nebido (private)
£130-£150 per dose
Professional admin only
Once on shared care
£9.90 per item
Standard NHS Rx charge

PATIENT VOICES

In their own words.

"

I was nervous about needles, so we started on gel. Two years in I switched to Nebido and the steadiness is honestly life-changing.

Sam
On testosterone for 2 years
"

My voice broke around month four. I cried the first time I heard it on a recording. It was the right kind of crying.

Theo
Started gel, switched to subcutaneous
"

The clinic talked me through every option. I never felt rushed and I never felt judged. That mattered as much as the prescription.

Ari
Non-binary, low-dose regimen

FREQUENTLY ASKED

Questions, answered.

Ready to take the first step?

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